diff --git a/src/bun.js/bindings/VM.zig b/src/bun.js/bindings/VM.zig
index cc29608cf0..4cd9d2747d 100644
--- a/src/bun.js/bindings/VM.zig
+++ b/src/bun.js/bindings/VM.zig
@@ -160,7 +160,12 @@ pub const VM = opaque {
         var scope: bun.jsc.ExceptionValidationScope = undefined;
         scope.init(global_object, @src());
         defer scope.deinit();
-        scope.assertNoException();
+        // If there's already an exception pending (e.g., from a caught stack overflow
+        // in JavaScript that wasn't fully cleared), just return the error without
+        // asserting or throwing a new exception. The existing exception will propagate.
+        if (scope.hasExceptionOrFalseWhenAssertionsAreDisabled()) {
+            return error.JSError;
+        }
         JSC__VM__throwError(vm, global_object, value);
         scope.assertExceptionPresenceMatches(true);
         return error.JSError;
diff --git a/src/bun.js/bindings/bindings.cpp b/src/bun.js/bindings/bindings.cpp
index 945c31bda4..b5555588e0 100644
--- a/src/bun.js/bindings/bindings.cpp
+++ b/src/bun.js/bindings/bindings.cpp
@@ -1716,6 +1716,12 @@ template<bool isStrict, bool enableAsymmetricMatchers>
 inline bool deepEqualsWrapperImpl(JSC::EncodedJSValue a, JSC::EncodedJSValue b, JSC::JSGlobalObject* global)
 {
     auto& vm = global->vm();
+    // If there's already an exception pending (e.g., from a caught stack overflow),
+    // return false immediately to avoid triggering assertion failures when creating
+    // a ThrowScope. The caller (fromJSHostCallGeneric in Zig) has a CatchScope that
+    // will handle propagating the exception.
+    if (vm.exceptionForInspection())
+        return false;
     auto scope = DECLARE_THROW_SCOPE(vm);
     Vector<std::pair<JSC::JSValue, JSC::JSValue>, 16> stack;
     MarkedArgumentBuffer args;
@@ -2636,6 +2642,10 @@ size_t JSC__VM__heapSize(JSC::VM* arg0)
 bool JSC__JSValue__isStrictEqual(JSC::EncodedJSValue l, JSC::EncodedJSValue r, JSC::JSGlobalObject* globalObject)
 {
     auto& vm = globalObject->vm();
+    // If there's already an exception pending, return false immediately to avoid
+    // triggering assertion failures when creating a ThrowScope.
+    if (vm.exceptionForInspection())
+        return false;
     auto scope = DECLARE_THROW_SCOPE(vm);
     RELEASE_AND_RETURN(scope, JSC::JSValue::strictEqual(globalObject, JSC::JSValue::decode(l), JSC::JSValue::decode(r)));
 }
@@ -2672,10 +2682,16 @@ bool JSC__JSValue__jestStrictDeepEquals(JSC::EncodedJSValue JSValue0, JSC::Encod
 
 bool JSC__JSValue__jestDeepMatch(JSC::EncodedJSValue JSValue0, JSC::EncodedJSValue JSValue1, JSC::JSGlobalObject* globalObject, bool replacePropsWithAsymmetricMatchers)
 {
+    auto& vm = globalObject->vm();
+    // If there's already an exception pending, return false immediately to avoid
+    // triggering assertion failures when creating a ThrowScope.
+    if (vm.exceptionForInspection())
+        return false;
+
     JSValue obj = JSValue::decode(JSValue0);
     JSValue subset = JSValue::decode(JSValue1);
 
-    ThrowScope scope = DECLARE_THROW_SCOPE(globalObject->vm());
+    ThrowScope scope = DECLARE_THROW_SCOPE(vm);
 
     std::set<EncodedJSValue> objVisited;
     std::set<EncodedJSValue> subsetVisited;