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GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 2, June 1991
Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
Preamble
The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public
License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This
General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to
your programs, too.
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their
rights.
We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
distribute and/or modify the software.
Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
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Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
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The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
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GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains
a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below,
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means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
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Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
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is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
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Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
along with the Program.
You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
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a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
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when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
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announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
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the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
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In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
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implemented by public license practices. Many people have made
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impose that choice.
This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
be a consequence of the rest of this License.
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certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates
the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
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of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
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Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
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Foundation.
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NO WARRANTY
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FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN
OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
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OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
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REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
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WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
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INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
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TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
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END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
Appendix: How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
Copyright (C) 19yy <name of author>
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
when it starts in an interactive mode:
Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19yy name of author
Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may
be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be
mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if
necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
`Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
<signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989
Ty Coon, President of Vice
This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may
consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General
Public License instead of this License.

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GZIP(1) USER COMMANDS GZIP(1)
NAME
gzip, gunzip, zcat - compress or expand files
SYNOPSIS
gzip [ -acdfhlLnNrtvV19 ] [-S suffix] [ name ... ]
gunzip [ -acfhlLnNrtvV ] [-S suffix] [ name ... ]
zcat [ -fhLV ] [ name ... ]
DESCRIPTION
Gzip reduces the size of the named files using Lempel-Ziv
coding (LZ77). Whenever possible, each file is replaced by
one with the extension .gz, while keeping the same ownership
modes, access and modification times. (The default exten-
sion is -gz for VMS, z for MSDOS, OS/2 FAT, Windows NT FAT
and Atari.) If no files are specified, or if a file name is
"-", the standard input is compressed to the standard out-
put. Gzip will only attempt to compress regular files. In
particular, it will ignore symbolic links.
If the compressed file name is too long for its file system,
gzip truncates it. Gzip attempts to truncate only the parts
of the file name longer than 3 characters. (A part is del-
imited by dots.) If the name consists of small parts only,
the longest parts are truncated. For example, if file names
are limited to 14 characters, gzip.msdos.exe is compressed
to gzi.msd.exe.gz. Names are not truncated on systems which
do not have a limit on file name length.
By default, gzip keeps the original file name and timestamp
in the compressed file. These are used when decompressing
the file with the -N option. This is useful when the
compressed file name was truncated or when the time stamp
was not preserved after a file transfer.
Compressed files can be restored to their original form
using gzip -d or gunzip or zcat. If the original name saved
in the compressed file is not suitable for its file system,
a new name is constructed from the original one to make it
legal.
gunzip takes a list of files on its command line and
replaces each file whose name ends with .gz, -gz, .z, -z, _z
or .Z and which begins with the correct magic number with an
uncompressed file without the original extension. gunzip
also recognizes the special extensions .tgz and .taz as
shorthands for .tar.gz and .tar.Z respectively. When
compressing, gzip uses the .tgz extension if necessary
instead of truncating a file with a .tar extension.
gunzip can currently decompress files created by gzip, zip,
compress, compress -H or pack. The detection of the input
format is automatic. When using the first two formats,
gunzip checks a 32 bit CRC. For pack, gunzip checks the
uncompressed length. The standard compress format was not
designed to allow consistency checks. However gunzip is
sometimes able to detect a bad .Z file. If you get an error
when uncompressing a .Z file, do not assume that the .Z file
is correct simply because the standard uncompress does not
complain. This generally means that the standard uncompress
does not check its input, and happily generates garbage out-
put. The SCO compress -H format (lzh compression method)
does not include a CRC but also allows some consistency
checks.
Files created by zip can be uncompressed by gzip only if
they have a single member compressed with the 'deflation'
method. This feature is only intended to help conversion of
tar.zip files to the tar.gz format. To extract zip files
with several members, use unzip instead of gunzip.
zcat is identical to gunzip -c. (On some systems, zcat may
be installed as gzcat to preserve the original link to
compress.) zcat uncompresses either a list of files on the
command line or its standard input and writes the
uncompressed data on standard output. zcat will uncompress
files that have the correct magic number whether they have a
.gz suffix or not.
Gzip uses the Lempel-Ziv algorithm used in zip and PKZIP.
The amount of compression obtained depends on the size of
the input and the distribution of common substrings. Typi-
cally, text such as source code or English is reduced by
60-70%. Compression is generally much better than that
achieved by LZW (as used in compress), Huffman coding (as
used in pack), or adaptive Huffman coding (compact).
Compression is always performed, even if the compressed file
is slightly larger than the original. The worst case expan-
sion is a few bytes for the gzip file header, plus 5 bytes
every 32K block, or an expansion ratio of 0.015% for large
files. Note that the actual number of used disk blocks
almost never increases. gzip preserves the mode, ownership
and timestamps of files when compressing or decompressing.
OPTIONS
-a --ascii
Ascii text mode: convert end-of-lines using local con-
ventions. This option is supported only on some non-
Unix systems. For MSDOS, CR LF is converted to LF when
compressing, and LF is converted to CR LF when
decompressing.
-c --stdout --to-stdout
Write output on standard output; keep original files
unchanged. If there are several input files, the out-
put consists of a sequence of independently compressed
members. To obtain better compression, concatenate all
input files before compressing them.
-d --decompress --uncompress
Decompress.
-f --force
Force compression or decompression even if the file has
multiple links or the corresponding file already
exists, or if the compressed data is read from or writ-
ten to a terminal. If the input data is not in a format
recognized by gzip, and if the option --stdout is also
given, copy the input data without change to the stan-
dard ouput: let zcat behave as cat. If -f is not given,
and when not running in the background, gzip prompts to
verify whether an existing file should be overwritten.
-h --help
Display a help screen and quit.
-l --list
For each compressed file, list the following fields:
compressed size: size of the compressed file
uncompressed size: size of the uncompressed file
ratio: compression ratio (0.0% if unknown)
uncompressed_name: name of the uncompressed file
The uncompressed size is given as -1 for files not in
gzip format, such as compressed .Z files. To get the
uncompressed size for such a file, you can use:
zcat file.Z | wc -c
In combination with the --verbose option, the following
fields are also displayed:
method: compression method
crc: the 32-bit CRC of the uncompressed data
date & time: time stamp for the uncompressed file
The compression methods currently supported are
deflate, compress, lzh (SCO compress -H) and pack. The
crc is given as ffffffff for a file not in gzip format.
With --name, the uncompressed name, date and time are
those stored within the compress file if present.
With --verbose, the size totals and compression ratio
for all files is also displayed, unless some sizes are
unknown. With --quiet, the title and totals lines are
not displayed.
-L --license
Display the gzip license and quit.
-n --no-name
When compressing, do not save the original file name
and time stamp by default. (The original name is always
saved if the name had to be truncated.) When
decompressing, do not restore the original file name if
present (remove only the gzip suffix from the
compressed file name) and do not restore the original
time stamp if present (copy it from the compressed
file). This option is the default when decompressing.
-N --name
When compressing, always save the original file name
and time stamp; this is the default. When decompress-
ing, restore the original file name and time stamp if
present. This option is useful on systems which have a
limit on file name length or when the time stamp has
been lost after a file transfer.
-q --quiet
Suppress all warnings.
-r --recursive
Travel the directory structure recursively. If any of
the file names specified on the command line are direc-
tories, gzip will descend into the directory and
compress all the files it finds there (or decompress
them in the case of gunzip ).
-S .suf --suffix .suf
Use suffix .suf instead of .gz. Any suffix can be
given, but suffixes other than .z and .gz should be
avoided to avoid confusion when files are transferred
to other systems. A null suffix forces gunzip to try
decompression on all given files regardless of suffix,
as in:
gunzip -S "" * (*.* for MSDOS)
Previous versions of gzip used the .z suffix. This was
changed to avoid a conflict with pack(1).
-t --test
Test. Check the compressed file integrity.
-v --verbose
Verbose. Display the name and percentage reduction for
each file compressed or decompressed.
-V --version
Version. Display the version number and compilation
options then quit.
-# --fast --best
Regulate the speed of compression using the specified
digit #, where -1 or --fast indicates the fastest
compression method (less compression) and -9 or --best
indicates the slowest compression method (best compres-
sion). The default compression level is -6 (that is,
biased towards high compression at expense of speed).
ADVANCED USAGE
Multiple compressed files can be concatenated. In this case,
gunzip will extract all members at once. For example:
gzip -c file1 > foo.gz
gzip -c file2 >> foo.gz
Then
gunzip -c foo
is equivalent to
cat file1 file2
In case of damage to one member of a .gz file, other members
can still be recovered (if the damaged member is removed).
However, you can get better compression by compressing all
members at once:
cat file1 file2 | gzip > foo.gz
compresses better than
gzip -c file1 file2 > foo.gz
If you want to recompress concatenated files to get better
compression, do:
gzip -cd old.gz | gzip > new.gz
If a compressed file consists of several members, the
uncompressed size and CRC reported by the --list option
applies to the last member only. If you need the
uncompressed size for all members, you can use:
gzip -cd file.gz | wc -c
If you wish to create a single archive file with multiple
members so that members can later be extracted indepen-
dently, use an archiver such as tar or zip. GNU tar supports
the -z option to invoke gzip transparently. gzip is designed
as a complement to tar, not as a replacement.
ENVIRONMENT
The environment variable GZIP can hold a set of default
options for gzip. These options are interpreted first and
can be overwritten by explicit command line parameters. For
example:
for sh: GZIP="-8v --name"; export GZIP
for csh: setenv GZIP "-8v --name"
for MSDOS: set GZIP=-8v --name
On Vax/VMS, the name of the environment variable is
GZIP_OPT, to avoid a conflict with the symbol set for invo-
cation of the program.
SEE ALSO
znew(1), zcmp(1), zmore(1), zforce(1), gzexe(1), zip(1),
unzip(1), compress(1), pack(1), compact(1)
DIAGNOSTICS
Exit status is normally 0; if an error occurs, exit status
is 1. If a warning occurs, exit status is 2.
Usage: gzip [-cdfhlLnNrtvV19] [-S suffix] [file ...]
Invalid options were specified on the command line.
file: not in gzip format
The file specified to gunzip has not been
compressed.
file: Corrupt input. Use zcat to recover some data.
The compressed file has been damaged. The data up to
the point of failure can be recovered using
zcat file > recover
file: compressed with xx bits, can only handle yy bits
File was compressed (using LZW) by a program that
could deal with more bits than the decompress code
on this machine. Recompress the file with gzip,
which compresses better and uses less memory.
file: already has .gz suffix -- no change
The file is assumed to be already compressed.
Rename the file and try again.
file already exists; do you wish to overwrite (y or n)?
Respond "y" if you want the output file to be
replaced; "n" if not.
gunzip: corrupt input
A SIGSEGV violation was detected which usually means
that the input file has been corrupted.
xx.x%
Percentage of the input saved by compression.
(Relevant only for -v and -l.)
-- not a regular file or directory: ignored
When the input file is not a regular file or direc-
tory, (e.g. a symbolic link, socket, FIFO, device
file), it is left unaltered.
-- has xx other links: unchanged
The input file has links; it is left unchanged. See
ln(1) for more information. Use the -f flag to force
compression of multiply-linked files.
CAVEATS
When writing compressed data to a tape, it is generally
necessary to pad the output with zeroes up to a block boun-
dary. When the data is read and the whole block is passed to
gunzip for decompression, gunzip detects that there is extra
trailing garbage after the compressed data and emits a warn-
ing by default. You have to use the --quiet option to
suppress the warning. This option can be set in the GZIP
environment variable as in:
for sh: GZIP="-q" tar -xfz --block-compress /dev/rst0
for csh: (setenv GZIP -q; tar -xfz --block-compr /dev/rst0
In the above example, gzip is invoked implicitly by the -z
option of GNU tar. Make sure that the same block size (-b
option of tar) is used for reading and writing compressed
data on tapes. (This example assumes you are using the GNU
version of tar.)
BUGS
The --list option reports incorrect sizes if they exceed 2
gigabytes. The --list option reports sizes as -1 and crc as
ffffffff if the compressed file is on a non seekable media.
In some rare cases, the --best option gives worse compres-
sion than the default compression level (-6). On some highly
redundant files, compress compresses better than gzip.

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This is the file README for the gzip distribution, version 1.2.4.
gzip (GNU zip) is a compression utility designed to be a replacement
for 'compress'. Its main advantages over compress are much better
compression and freedom from patented algorithms. The GNU Project
uses it as the standard compression program for its system.
gzip currently uses by default the LZ77 algorithm used in zip 1.9 (the
portable pkzip compatible archiver). The gzip format was however
designed to accommodate several compression algorithms. See below
for a comparison of zip and gzip.
gunzip can currently decompress files created by gzip, compress or
pack. The detection of the input format is automatic. For the
gzip format, gunzip checks a 32 bit CRC. For pack, gunzip checks the
uncompressed length. The 'compress' format was not designed to allow
consistency checks. However gunzip is sometimes able to detect a bad
.Z file because there is some redundancy in the .Z compression format.
If you get an error when uncompressing a .Z file, do not assume that
the .Z file is correct simply because the standard uncompress does not
complain. This generally means that the standard uncompress does not
check its input, and happily generates garbage output.
gzip produces files with a .gz extension. Previous versions of gzip
used the .z extension, which was already used by the 'pack'
Huffman encoder. gunzip is able to decompress .z files (packed
or gzip'ed).
Several planned features are not yet supported (see the file TODO).
See the file NEWS for a summary of changes since 0.5. See the file
INSTALL for installation instructions. Some answers to frequently
asked questions are given in the file INSTALL, please read it. (In
particular, please don't ask me once more for an /etc/magic entry.)
WARNING: on several systems, compiler bugs cause gzip to fail, in
particular when optimization options are on. See the section "Special
targets" at the end of the INSTALL file for a list of known problems.
For all machines, use "make check" to check that gzip was compiled
correctly. Try compiling gzip without any optimization if you have a
problem.
Please send all comments and bug reports by electronic mail to:
Jean-loup Gailly <jloup@chorus.fr>
or, if this fails, to bug-gnu-utils@prep.ai.mit.edu.
Bug reports should ideally include:
* The complete output of "gzip -V" (or the contents of revision.h
if you can't get gzip to compile)
* The hardware and operating system (try "uname -a")
* The compiler used to compile (if it is gcc, use "gcc -v")
* A description of the bug behavior
* The input to gzip, that triggered the bug
If you send me patches for machines I don't have access to, please test them
very carefully. gzip is used for backups, it must be extremely reliable.
The package crypt++.el is highly recommended to manipulate gzip'ed
file from emacs. It recognizes automatically encrypted and compressed
files when they are first visited or written. It is available via
anonymous ftp to roebling.poly.edu [128.238.5.31] in /pub/crypt++.el.
The same directory contains also patches to dired, ange-ftp and info.
GNU tar 1.11.2 has a -z option to invoke directly gzip, so you don't have to
patch it. The package ftp.uu.net:/languages/emacs-lisp/misc/jka-compr19.el.Z
also supports gzip'ed files.
The znew and gzexe shell scripts provided with gzip benefit from
(but do not require) the cpmod utility to transfer file attributes.
It is available by anonymous ftp on gatekeeper.dec.com in
/.0/usenet/comp.sources.unix/volume11/cpmod.Z.
The sample programs zread.c, sub.c and add.c in subdirectory sample
are provided as examples of useful complements to gzip. Read the
comments inside each source file. The perl script ztouch is also
provided as example (not installed by default since it relies on perl).
gzip is free software, you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the terms of the GNU General Public License, a copy of which is
provided under the name COPYING. The latest version of gzip are always
available by ftp in prep.ai.mit.edu:/pub/gnu, or in any of the prep
mirror sites:
- sources in gzip-*.tar (or .shar or .tar.gz).
- Solaris 2 executables in sparc-sun-solaris2/gzip-binaries-*.tar
- MSDOS lha self-extracting exe in gzip-msdos-*.exe. Once extracted,
copy gzip.exe to gunzip.exe and zcat.exe, or use "gzip -d" to decompress.
gzip386.exe runs much faster but only on 386 and above; it is compiled with
djgpp 1.10 available in directory omnigate.clarkson.edu:/pub/msdos/djgpp.
A VMS executable is available in ftp.spc.edu:[.macro32.savesets]gzip-1-*.zip
(use [.macro32]unzip.exe to extract). A PRIMOS executable is available
in ftp.lysator.liu.se:/pub/primos/run/gzip.run.
OS/2 executables (16 and 32 bits versions) are available in
ftp.tu-muenchen.de:/pub/comp/os/os2/archiver/gz*-[16,32].zip
Some ftp servers can automatically make a tar.Z from a tar file. If
you are getting gzip for the first time, you can ask for a tar.Z file
instead of the much larger tar file.
Many thanks to those who provided me with bug reports and feedback.
See the files THANKS and ChangeLog for more details.
Note about zip vs. gzip:
The name 'gzip' was a very unfortunate choice, because zip and gzip
are two really different programs, although the actual compression and
decompression sources were written by the same persons. A different
name should have been used for gzip, but it is too late to change now.
zip is an archiver: it compresses several files into a single archive
file. gzip is a simple compressor: each file is compressed separately.
Both share the same compression and decompression code for the
'deflate' method. unzip can also decompress old zip archives
(implode, shrink and reduce methods). gunzip can also decompress files
created by compress and pack. zip 1.9 and gzip do not support
compression methods other than deflation. (zip 1.0 supports shrink and
implode). Better compression methods may be added in future versions
of gzip. zip will always stick to absolute compatibility with pkzip,
it is thus constrained by PKWare, which is a commercial company. The
gzip header format is deliberately different from that of pkzip to
avoid such a constraint.
On Unix, gzip is mostly useful in combination with tar. GNU tar
1.11.2 has a -z option to invoke gzip automatically. "tar -z"
compresses better than zip, since gzip can then take advantage of
redundancy between distinct files. The drawback is that you must
scan the whole tar.gz file in order to extract a single file near
the end; unzip can directly seek to the end of the zip file. There
is no overhead when you extract the whole archive anyway.
If a member of a .zip archive is damaged, other files can still
be recovered. If a .tar.gz file is damaged, files beyond the failure
point cannot be recovered. (Future versions of gzip will have
error recovery features.)
gzip and gunzip are distributed as a single program. zip and unzip
are, for historical reasons, two separate programs, although the
authors of these two programs work closely together in the info-zip
team. zip and unzip are not associated with the GNU project.
The sources are available by ftp in
oak.oakland.edu:/pub/misc/unix/zip19p1.zip
oak.oakland.edu:/pub/misc/unix/unz50p1.tar-z

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Please read the generic README file first. Note in particular:
copy gzip.exe to gunzip.exe and zcat.exe, or use "gzip -d" to decompress.
gzip386.exe runs much faster but only on 386 and above; it is compiled with
djgpp 1.10 available in directory omnigate.clarkson.edu:/pub/msdos/djgpp.
Read also gzip.doc, and in particular the description of the -N option
which is very useful for MSDOS to restore the original file names that
have been truncated. You can set it by default by adding
set GZIP=-N
in your autoexec.bat file.
gzip386.exe includes the djgpp DOS extender (go32.exe) taken from
djdev110.zip. If you already have djgpp 1.10 or later, you can remove
go32.exe to get a smaller executable using:
exe2aout gzip386.exe
aout2exe gzip386
del gzip386
If you get the error message "DMPI: Not enough memory", you are using a
memory manager which allocates physical memory immediately instead of
allocating on demand when pages are used for the firt time. This problem
occurs only when using DMPI. (Try under plain DOS without loading any memory
manager in config.sys.) This problem will be fixed in future versions of
djgpp using the COFF object format instead of a.out. (In the a.out format,
the data segment is loaded at virtual address 0x400000 and the memory manager
thinks that gzip requires more than 4 megs of memory.)
With gzip386.exe, you may have to set the TZ environment variable to
get correct timestamps in the compressed files. For example in France
I must set:
set TZ=MET-1
The 16 bit version always uses local time.
For other problems related to DJGPP, read the documentation provided
in djdev110.zip. If a problem occurs with gzip386.exe, check first
if it occurs also with gzip.exe before reporting it.
The two programs gzip.exe and gzip386.exe give different compression ratios
because the 16 bit version (gzip.exe) is compiled with -DSMALL_MEM to
reduce memory usage. When compiled without this flag, all versions of
gzip give exactly the same compression ratio. The 386 version runs faster
under plain DOS without any memory manager than when using DMPI.
Please send comments and bug reports to Jean-loup Gailly <jloup@chorus.fr>
or to bug-gnu-utils@prep.ai.mit.edu.